Asymptotic Notations and its Applications Asymptotic Notations is a mathematical framework used to describe the behavior of functions as their input values approach certain limits. In the context of algorithm analysis, it helps us understand how the performance of an algorithm scales with the size of its input. Three common forms of asymptotic notation are: […]
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Analysis of Algorithms Algorithm analysis is the process of evaluating the performance and efficiency of an algorithm. It involves studying the resource usage (such as time and space) of an algorithm and predicting how it will behave as the input size grows. The primary goals of algorithm analysis are to: Determine the running time of
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Complexity of an Algorithms Algorithmic complexity refers to the efficiency of an algorithm concerning the amount of time and space it requires to solve a problem. It’s a crucial aspect of algorithm design, as it directly impacts the performance of software systems, especially when dealing with large datasets or resource-constrained environments. Algorithmic complexity is often
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Introduction to Algorithms Algorithms are step-by-step procedures or sets of rules used for solving a specific problem or performing a task. They are the fundamental building blocks of computer programs and play a crucial role in various fields, including computer science, mathematics, and engineering. Algorithms define a sequence of operations that transform input data into
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Functional Dependency in DBMS Functional dependency is a relationship between attributes in a relation (table) within a database. It describes how the values of one attribute (or set of attributes) determine the values of another attribute (or set of attributes) in the same relation. In simpler terms, if knowing the value of one attribute uniquely
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NoSQL Databases NoSQL, which stands for “Not Only SQL,” is a term used to describe a wide range of database technologies that diverge from the traditional relational database model. Unlike SQL databases, which organize data into tables with predefined schemas, NoSQL databases are designed to handle large volumes of unstructured or semi-structured data in a
Distributed Database System in DBMS A distributed database system comprises multiple interconnected databases stored across geographically dispersed locations, working together as a single, coherent unit. Unlike centralized databases, where all data resides on a single server, distributed systems partition data across nodes, providing improved scalability and fault tolerance. This architecture enables organizations to handle vast
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Database Security and Authorization Database Security encompasses a range of practices and measures designed to protect data from unauthorized access, corruption, and misuse. It involves implementing various layers of security protocols and mechanisms to fortify databases against potential threats. Authorization refers to the process of granting or denying permissions to users based on their identities,
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Recovery and Backup in DBMS Backup refers to the process of creating copies of data to safeguard against data loss due to various factors such as hardware failures, human errors, software glitches, or malicious attacks. These copies are stored separately from the original data to ensure redundancy and resilience. on the other hand, Recovery involves
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Concurrency Control in DBMS Concurrency control refers to the mechanisms and techniques employed to manage simultaneous access to the database by multiple users or transactions. The primary goal is to ensure that transactions execute correctly and consistently, even when executed concurrently. This involves coordinating the execution order of transactions, managing locks on data items, and
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