1. The try-catch Block:
In Dart, exceptions are handled using the try, catch, and finally blocks. The try block contains the code that may potentially throw an exception. If an exception occurs within the try block, control is transferred to the catch block, where the exception is caught and handled.

2. The finally Block:
Dart provides a finally block that can be used to execute code regardless of whether an exception is thrown. This block is commonly used for resource cleanup operations such as closing files or network connections.

Dart provides a structured approach to exception handling through the use of try, catch, and finally blocks:

Syntax:

try {
// Code that may throw an exception
} catch (exception) {
// Handle the exception
print('Exception caught: $exception');
} finally {
// Optional block, always executed regardless of whether an exception occurred
print('Finally block executed');
}

In this syntax:

• The try block encloses the code that may potentially throw an exception.
• The catch block is used to handle the exception if one occurs. It specifies the type of exception to catch, or it can catch any type of exception if no type is specified.
• The finally block, which is optional, is always executed, regardless of whether an exception is thrown. It’s typically used for cleanup tasks such as closing files or releasing resources.

Example of Exception Handling in Dart:

Let’s consider a simple example where we attempt to parse a string into an integer:

void main() {
String input = '123abc';
try {
int number = int.parse(input);
print('Parsed number: $number');
} catch (e) {
print('Error: $e');
} finally {
print('Parsing complete.');
}
}

In this example, if the string input cannot be parsed into an integer, an exception will be thrown by int.parse(). The catch block will handle the exception by printing an error message, and the finally block will always execute, indicating that the parsing process is complete.