1. If Statement:
The simplest form of conditional statement in Dart is the “if” statement. It allows you to execute a block of code only if a specified condition is true.

Here’s a basic example:

void main() {
int x = 10;
if (x > 5) {
print("x is greater than 5");
}
}

In this example, the code inside the curly braces will only execute if the condition x > 5 evaluates to true.

2. If-else Statement:
The if-else statement in Dart extends the functionality of the if statement by providing an alternative block of code to execute when the condition is false.

Here’s an example:

void main() {
int x = 3;
if (x > 5) {
print("x is greater than 5");
} else {
print("x is not greater than 5");
}
}

In this example, if the condition x > 5 is false, the code inside the else block will execute.

3. else-if Statement:
In Dart, the else if statement allows you to evaluate multiple conditions sequentially after an initial if statement. This construct is useful when you have more than two possible outcomes and need to check each condition one by one. Let’s explore how the else if statement works with a simple example:

void main() {
int num = 10;

if (num > 10) {
print("$num is greater than 10");
} else if (num < 10) {
print("$num is less than 10");
} else {
print("$num is equal to 10");
}
}

4. Switch Statement:
The switch statement in Dart provides an alternative way to handle multiple conditions. It evaluates an expression and executes the code associated with the matching case label.

Here’s an example:

void main() {
String fruit = 'apple';
switch (fruit) {
case 'apple':
print('An apple a day keeps the doctor away');
break;
case 'banana':
print('I love bananas');
break;
default:
print('Unknown fruit');
}
}

Switch statements are particularly useful when you have a fixed set of possible values to check against.